In 1944, Victor pastes of Columbia University first applied numerical simulation to the casting process, and made heat conduction analysis on the sand mold based on the “heat and mass flow analyzer” analysis unit. The 1960s was a tentative stage in the research and development of mold filling and solidification simulation. The finite difference approximation method has widely attracted people to study the solidification theory of castings by using numerical calculation method. In 1962, Danish scholars first used the finite difference method to simulate the heat transfer process of casting solidification. Marron and dehlke of the University of Michigan also studied the two-dimensional solidification simulation of simple castings such as T-shape and L-shape by using the finite difference method. They pointed out that it is difficult to determine the thermophysical properties of metal and sand mold at high temperature, which is the main reason affecting the accuracy of simulation calculation, and the calculated results of temperature field are quite close to the measured values. Their success pioneered the numerical simulation of casting solidification process.
From 1970s to 1980s, casting numerical simulation entered the basic research stage. Countries have carried out research work in this field one after another, forming a situation of extensive development of competing research, and began to carry out experimental research on practical problems. In 1979, Fujii derived the local solute redistribution equation for N-element alloy solidification. In 1983, Voller et al. Derived the relationship equation between flow mode, flow velocity and isothermal surface movement velocity under directional solidification. Early 1980s “The assumption of instantaneous mold filling has been applied to a certain extent. In the late 1980s, mold filling simulation developed rapidly, which is a great progress in the practical research of casting numerical simulation. In production, various casting defects caused by the flow of liquid metal can be eliminated by improving the design of gating system, a reasonable temperature distribution for solidification and feeding, and the quality and productivity of castings can be improved. The characteristics of this period are the deepening of research and practical application Since this period, various casting simulation software have been published.
In the late 1990s, with the continuous development and progress of computer technology and casting solidification theory, the simulation research of microstructure, residual stress and deformation was developed. The study of microstructure can predict and control the mechanical properties of castings. In addition, it has a deeper impact on metallurgy. During this period, the functions of casting process numerical simulation software were gradually enriched. Most of the software added flow field analysis, and the prediction of residual stress, crack and microstructure also had great development, which was reflected in various excellent commercial software. The well-known software includes: flow.3d (American flow science company 1), ANSYS software. There are also specially developed for the foundry industry, such as magmaft (German MA GMA company), ProCAST (American use company), AnyCasting (Korean AnyCasting Co., Ltd.), etc.