In the spatial structure of buildings, cast steel joints play an important role as they connect and support various components of the structure, bear various mechanical loads, and ensure the stability and safety of the building. However, casting Various defects may occur during the manufacturing process of steel nodes, which pose potential threats to the performance and reliability of the structure. Therefore, it is crucial to study the casting defects and detection techniques of cast steel joints, in order to ensure the quality of building spatial structures. Pores are gas pores or bubbles formed during the casting process They may exist inside the cast steel nodes, and these tiny pores may become stress concentration points when the nodes are subjected to loads, leading to a decrease in the strength and toughness of the nodes. The formation of pores is usually related to various factors, including the gas content of raw materials, pouring temperature, and pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the formation mechanism of pores. Inclusions refer to the presence of non-metallic substances such as sand particles, impurities, or other external substances in castings. Inclusions may form inside or on the surface of nodes, posing a threat to the strength and toughness of the nodes. These inclusions may become the starting point of cracks, leading to damage to the nodes. The generation of inclusions is closely related to the quality and processing of raw materials, and therefore requires careful control and management. Hot cracks are caused by uneven or rapid cooling, which can lead to cracking inside or on the surface of the node. These cracks can affect the strength and durability of the node, posing a potential threat to the quality of the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature gradient during the casting process to reduce the occurrence of hot cracks.
The quality and reliability of cast steel joints are crucial for the safety of the entire structure. In order to ensure that the nodes have no casting defects, advanced defect detection technology is required. X-ray detection utilizes the strong penetration ability of X-rays to examine internal defects in casting materials, such as pores, inclusions, and cracks. X-ray testing can provide high-resolution images, display subtle defects inside materials, and help engineers determine the location and nature of defects. This method is a non-invasive testing technique that does not require contact with the object being tested, and therefore does not have any impact on cast steel joints. Ultrasonic testing utilizes the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves by emitting Shoot and receive ultrasonic waves to detect defects inside materials. Ultrasonic waves can penetrate materials, and when encountering defects, some of the energy will be reflected or absorbed, forming echoes. By analyzing the characteristics of the echo, the location, size, and properties of defects can be determined. This method can be used for on-site inspection of cast steel joints, and potential defects can be quickly and accurately discovered. In addition, ultrasonic testing can detect different types of defects, including pores, inclusions, and cracks. Magnetic particle testing is a method used to detect surface defects in casting materials, such as cracks, inclusions, and other surface defects. The principle of magnetic particle testing is to coat the surface being tested with magnetic particles and apply a magnetic field. When magnetic powder enters defects or cracks, it forms a pile up of magnetic powder, which can be observed and analyzed for the location and shape of defects through visual or camera equipment. This method is very suitable for on-site inspection of cast steel joints, which can quickly detect surface defects and improve work efficiency.
In construction engineering, cast steel joints are an important part of connecting and supporting structures, and their quality and reliability directly affect the safety of the entire building. In order to ensure that cast steel joints are not affected by casting defects Prevention and control measures are crucial. Choosing high-quality raw materials is crucial. Engineers and manufacturers should carefully select qualified steel suppliers to ensure that raw materials comply with relevant standards and specifications. The quality of raw materials plays a decisive role in the quality of the final product. In addition, attention should be paid to impurities and gas content in raw materials, as they may lead to the formation of pores and inclusions. The optimization of casting process is also crucial for defect control. Proper temperature and pressure control is key to preventing porosity and hot cracking during the casting process. Appropriate pouring temperature and speed can reduce gas solubility and lower the risk of porosity. In addition, appropriate pressure can ensure the uniformity of the molten material filling the mold and reduce the occurrence of cracks. Engineers need to closely monitor every production process to ensure that all steps are carried out in accordance with best practices. During the casting process, taking appropriate control measures can reduce the risk of inclusions, including controlling the preparation and treatment of the mold to ensure a smooth surface and reduce the introduction of pollutants and impurities. In addition, using appropriate casting techniques such as vacuum casting or gas shielded casting can reduce the formation of inclusions. After the casting is completed, non-destructive testing techniques such as X-ray testing, ultrasonic testing, and magnetic particle testing should be used to inspect the quality of the cast steel joints. These techniques can quickly detect potential defects and ensure that the cast steel joints meet the design standards. In addition, establishing a sound quality management system, including the retention and tracking of production records, as well as quality review and certification, is also essential.
The research on casting defects and detection of cast steel nodes in architectural spatial structures is a complex and important task, which is related to the safety and stability of the structure. By conducting in-depth research on the defect issues and detection techniques of cast steel joints, we can better understand this problem and take appropriate measures to prevent and solve it. In the future, with the continuous development of science and technology, detection technology will be continuously optimized, which will better ensure the safety of building structures.