Due to the excellent performance of gray cast iron, it has become one of the essential components of precision machine tools; On the other hand, the existence of a large number of flake graphite in gray cast iron will seriously affect its fatigue life and mechanical properties, which restricts its application as the working surface of rolling guide rail. Based on the shortcomings of steel inlaid guide rail, a special treatment method is explored to strengthen the surface of gray cast iron directly, so that it can replace or even surpass the traditional steel inlaid guide rail as a whole. Therefore, on the premise of maintaining the antifriction and shock absorption capacity of gray cast iron, the research on how to improve the contact fatigue wear resistance of gray cast iron has become the focus of research.
The history of scientific development shows that the breakthrough progress of science and technology can often seek inspiration from the adaptability of organisms to nature. For example, natural biomaterials, such as mineralized materials such as shells, teeth and bones, or structural proteins such as silk and spider silk, have been formed through hundreds of millions of years of evolution and evolution, so as to achieve the greatest degree of environmental adaptability, and the fit between their structure and function has reached an almost perfect degree. Inspired by natural organisms, using novel processing technology and bionic principle derived from nature to design and prepare functional and structural materials is a rapidly rising research field in recent years. Similarly, the biological coupling phenomenon in nature also provides a pioneering inspiration for the research on improving the rolling contact fatigue wear resistance of gray cast iron materials, and opens up a new way for the research of new machine tool rolling guide materials. From the perspective of bionics, taking the shell with excellent wear resistance as the research object, the wear resistance mechanism is attributed to its special surface structure. The corresponding bionic surface is designed by using the bionic coupling principle and laser treatment process, and the fatigue wear resistance of bionic treated gray cast iron is experimentally studied, It further provides experimental basis and theoretical support for the development of new gray cast iron rolling guide rail. For bionic gray cast iron material, it not only retains its good shock absorption and thermal conductivity, but also significantly improves the fatigue wear resistance of the whole material due to the strengthening effect of bionic coupling unit.
In addition, bionic treatment technology has the characteristics of simple process, convenient operation, safe processing and low equipment price. It simplifies various process measures used to improve the performance and service life of the rolling guide rail of the original machine tool, and greatly reduces the addition of expensive alloy components. While saving valuable natural resources, it is of great significance to promote the development of engineering bionics It is of great social significance and great economic value to study high and new technologies with independent intellectual property rights and promote original innovation.