Casting is a process for producing products with liquid metal. The basic technology in mechanical industry includes manufacturing, welding, forging and so on, and casting is one of them. Casting has the characteristics of superior flexibility, complexity and economy, so it plays an important role in the machinery industry. Casting is widely used in construction, transportation, chemical industry, mining, aerospace and other fields. According to statistics, 80% of the internal combustion engines, 65% – 80% of the parts of the tractor, 50% – 60% of the parts of the hydraulic and accumulative machinery, and almost all the key parts of the thrust machine, such as the support, support, shell, sprocket, gear, cylinder head and so on, are formed by casting. Major key facilities in metallurgy, mining, power station and national defense also contain a large number of high-quality heavy castings. Therefore, casting occupies a very important position in the national economy.
In order to be competitive in the increasingly fierce market competition, foundry enterprises need to ensure not only the high quality of products, but also the low production cost. In the process of casting production, the repair or scrap of castings caused by casting defects is the main reason for the increase of cost in casting enterprises. At present, how to reduce or eliminate casting defects is a problem faced by most casting enterprises.
To reduce or eliminate casting defects, we should improve product design process and production management. If we want to perfect the casting process, we can not only rely on the accumulated experience of computer simulation and mold filling technology, but also rely on the optimal design of casting process. At the same time, enterprises should also pay close attention to production management and ensure the strict implementation of casting process, operation instructions and other guidance documents.