Sand casting process equipment is the general name of molds and devices used in the process of molding, core making and box closing, including pattern, mold base plate, formwork frame, sand box, sand box support plate, pressing iron, sleeve box, core box, drying plate (device), sand core dressing abrasives, core assembly and lower core clamps, extrusion lower core frame, measuring tools and inspection tools, etc. Generally speaking, the casting mold only refers to the template (including pattern, transverse base plate) and core box, which is the core part of the casting process equipment.
The fundamental difference between sand casting mould and other moulds (such as punching mould, forging mould, injection mould, die-casting mould, etc.) is that the former is a real “mould”, which is made of these moulds and other technological equipment, and then liquid metal is filled into the sand mould, after cooling, the required products (castings) can be obtained; the latter is actually a “mould”, which can make solid (such as punching mould, forging mould) or liquid（ Such as die-casting mold, glass mold) materials can be directly filled to obtain the required products. Therefore, in a certain sense, the casting mold is more complex than other molds. The difference between sand casting mold and other molds is that the working temperature is not high, generally not more than 300 ℃; the working pressure is not high, even for high-pressure molding, the specific pressure will not exceed 1.5MPa. Therefore, the mold material selection range is large, the mold life is long, and the mold cost proportion in the total cost is low 。
The sand casting process is a casting method which takes the sand and core sand as the molding materials to make the mold, and the liquid metal fills the mold under the gravity to produce the casting. Steel, iron and most non-ferrous alloy castings can be obtained by sand casting. Because the molding materials used in sand casting are cheap and easy to obtain, and the mold manufacturing is simple, it can adapt to the single production, batch production and mass production of castings. For a long time, it has been the basic process in casting production.