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From the point of view of lattice mismatch, both CeO2 and CeS can be used as heterostructure nuclei of delta-ferrite

In the early stage, in the aspect of grain refinement of steels by adding rare earth elements, the research mainly

Rare earth elements used in foundry industry are mainly light rare earth elements such as cerium and lanthanum, which have

Nb has strong affinity with oxygen, nitrogen and carbon in steel, and its function is similar to that of Ti.

More than 50 years ago, J.F. Wallace and his research team studied the role of various materials as grain refiners

In recent years, for the consideration of sustainable development, in the application of steel castings, on the one hand, it

In the early 1920s, both a.m. Meehan and Crosby of the United States began to discuss the inoculation treatment technology

The formation of grain core is called nucleation. There are two different ways of nucleation in liquid metal crystallization (1)

For all kinds of cast alloys, grain refinement is an important measure to improve the metallurgical quality. If the grain

With the rapid development of automotive industry in recent years, in order to protect the environment, automotive manufacturers are striving